Ectopic Pregnancy

  Xiao-Lan and her husband want to have children after marriage. Married in the first half, Xiao-Lan to feel pregnant. However, a severe abdominal pain sent her to the hospital, it is only then that she it was an ectopic pregnancy. Fortunately, early discovery, there is no removal of fallopian tubes. However, more than a year later the two had not conceived again. Xiao-Lan has been nursed back to their own in the body, but her pregnancy was now a concern.

 Check out a physical examination within the oviduct Xiao-Lan has a mass, after careful examination of the final set because of left ectopic pregnancy mass, because it prevented a fertilized egg into the uterus. Xiao-Lan wondered, ectopic pregnancy, when the problem has been resolved, how the entanglement is still silently to her so long?

 Ectopic pregnancy, also known as ectopic pregnancy, means the occurrence of pregnancy in the uterine cavity, of which about 98% occurred in the fallopian tubes. Take the site of ectopic tubal pregnancy, it’s clinical manifestation and Yunluan the implantation site in the oviduct, the availability of abortion or rupture, the amount of intra-abdominal bleeding and how much the duration of the disease. Even the rupture of tubal pregnancy, according to the disease Jihuan also can be divided into two types of acute and old.

 60% ~ 70% of ectopic pregnancies for acute disease, abortion or ruptured Yunluan time cause acute massive bleeding, so that sustainable development and to increase the disease, showing typical clinical symptoms. Acute ectopic pregnancy with menopause, the three major symptoms of abdominal pain and vaginal bleeding, most of them stopped by the time 6 ~ 8 weeks. During treatment in patients with abdominal pain is the main symptom, often accompanied by nausea and vomiting. Department of embryo death caused by vaginal bleeding, bleeding more irregular, the amount of more or less, but not exactly dripping have to wait until lesions are removed, bleeding before being stopped completely. Large amount of bleeding ectopic pregnancy and emergency who can quickly appear syncope and shock, thus life-threatening.

 Compared with acute tubal pregnancy, old ectopic pregnancy becomes relatively “moderate.” This type of ectopic pregnancy in patients with Yunluan abortion or rupture, bleeding less, over time, internal bleeding on their own to stop Ershi condition stabilized. At this point embryonic death, fluff degradation, to stop internal bleeding, abdominal pain reduced, the formation of hematoma of the gradual hardening machines, and the adhesion with the surrounding tissues and organs. Old ectopic pregnancy in theory, there should be irregular vaginal bleeding, paroxysmal abdominal pain, low heat. Is the intra-abdominal bleeding due to low heat absorption, such as infection, then the performance of high fever.

  To date, ovarian pregnancy in medicine is not a very common type of ectopic pregnancy, but there is such clinical cases. Because almost all ectopic pregnancies because of tubal pregnancy caused by the people of ovarian pregnancy is not a common phenomenon that is very obvious lack of understanding of the. At present the cause of ovarian pregnancy is not yet clear, but the findings may be related to the following factors:

 An ovarian surface is conducive to cultivation of ovarian eggs can produce decidual tissue and ovarian surface endometriosis lesions of these conditions are favorable to a fertilized egg grow.

 Two-impaired ovulation due to pelvic inflammatory disease caused by inflammation around the ovaries and pelvic adhesions, follicle inside the pressure has eased, and the cumulus granulosa cells, and to make an egg discharge will be impeded.

 3 tubal function impairment due to congenital or other reasons, the activities of oviduct ciliated epithelium or fallopian tube abnormalities produce reverse peristalsis, resulting in the delivery of abnormal fertilized egg.

 4 assisted reproductive techniques assisted reproductive technologies, such as in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer occurred after some of ectopic pregnancy ovarian pregnancy.

 5 reproductive system in the formation of primordial germ cells, primordial follicles prior to the formation of cross-fertilization teratoma, primary chorionic tumor and so on, but it seems difficult to explain ovarian pregnancy.

 6 IUD IUD use in many reported in the literature to increase the risk of ovarian pregnancy. May be related to intrauterine environment has changed, prostaglandin increase in the fallopian tube reverse peristalsis.

 7 opportunities on the doctrine due to chance, there is a mature egg in the ovary fertilization, or sperm accidentally discovered ovarian surface with a combination of mature eggs.

  An ectopic pregnancy in women of childbearing age, this phenomenon is very common in China in recent years about every 100 women of childbearing age had an ectopic pregnancy occurs three to five individuals. Although ectopic pregnancy is common, but it is very dangerous because it is not timely treatment or surgery, leading to infertility is a trivial matter, and even a threat to life, resulting in death! Ectopic pregnancy, how did it? Is a congenital or acquired some diseases caused by it? In fact, for whatever reason, an ectopic pregnancy is because there is no fertilized egg implantation in the womb.

 Fertilized egg has lost her way, there are no uterus, “settle down” away elsewhere on the form of ectopic pregnancy, medically known as ectopic pregnancy, popular terms, the fertilized egg the wrong end-result, a wrong to stay implantation in the uterus outside the development. The most common is a tubal ectopic pregnancy, accounting for 90% of ectopic pregnancy.

 A common reason is that the egg walk. Human body left and right ovary and fallopian tubes about 2. Some naughty eggs, in the side of ovulation, fertilization or peritoneal cavity, after they ran through the contralateral tubal. As the fertilized egg in the “escape” the process of growing up, so can not be normal through the fallopian tube had to implantation in the fallopian tubes, which took place in tubal pregnancy.

 Tubal pregnancy caused by a variety of reasons, but led to salpingitis. According to statistics, about 60% of the ectopic pregnancy patients have had a history of salpingitis. Recurrent fallopian tube mucosa in chronic salpingitis makes wrinkles crack adhesion, stenosis, or tubal adhesions due to inflammation and distorted the surrounding tissues can not be normal peristalsis. Tubal internal environment of the “rugged” and “smooth” has impeded the normal operation of a fertilized egg, so that a fertilized egg in the uterus leading to obstacles on the road, so not on track to reach the uterine cavity, while the implantation in the fallopian tube. After the implantation of fertilized eggs developed continuously growing, while the narrow tube can not provide enough space, then the fertilized eggs developed to a certain extent it will Chengbao fallopian tube, resulting in a large number of patients with bleeding, life-threatening.

  Some studies have shown that smoking increases the risk of infertility and ectopic pregnancy. Site of implantation of fertilized eggs of nicotine make an exception occurs, can inhibit the egg transport and implantation of fertilized eggs. Resulting in infertility or ectopic pregnancy. In addition, smoking will reduce the body’s humoral and cellular immune function, increase the female reproductive tract infection. Smoking can also cause fetal developmental disorder, leading to miscarriage, premature birth or congenital malformations, low birth weight infants, but also happen to pregnant women, placenta previa, placental abruption, and premature rupture of membranes and other serious complications. Excessive drinking can damage the ovarian function, so that the female hormone secretion abnormalities, lead to ovulation and amenorrhea. If you drink during pregnancy, but also endanger the fetus.

 Mother drinking during pregnancy the baby born prone to organ dysfunction, or fetal alcohol syndrome. Hazardous substances including radioactive substances, heavy metals, salts, nitrosamines and so on. Thus, young couples planning a pregnancy should be at least the first half of tobacco and alcohol, stay away from all kinds of smoke and harmful substances. Everyday life of certain foods help the body expel toxins role:

 Bean: bean sprouts containing multiple vitamins, the body can eliminate the teratogenic substances, the promotion of sex hormones produce.

 Fresh Vegetable Juice: they contain bio-active substances can be harmful to the body block the N-nitrosamines, but also to change the blood pH is conducive to disease prevention detoxification.

 Seaweed: kelp, seaweed, etc. contained in the gum will prompt the body of radioactive substances excreted with the feces, it can reduce the incidence of radiation sickness.

 Animal blood: pigs, ducks, chickens, geese and other animals in the blood hemoglobin is broken down gastric juice, may invade the human body with the smoke and heavy metals react to improve the phagocytic function of lymphocytes, as well as the role of the blood.

 Leeks: leek rich in volatile oil, cellulose and other components, crude fiber can help drinkers emit toxic smoke.

  For pregnant women, in the early, ectopic pregnancy and no significant difference between normal pregnancy, but as the embryo grew up in can cause abdominal bleeding, and even shock due to blood loss, which jeopardizes the lives of pregnant women. Ectopic pregnancy How did this happen? Main reasons are the following aspects:

 (1) Chronic salpingitis. Endometrial inflammation so that tubal adhesions, leading to stenosis, wall weakened peristalsis, so that eggs can enter into the fallopian tube fertilization, while the fertilized egg can not go back cavity.

 (2) The fallopian tube dysplasia malformation, endometriosis, and ligation and then pass, so that a fertilized egg to run hindered rather stay in the tubal implantation and development.

 (3) pelvic tumor compression or traction, so that tube displacement or deformation, impede fertilized egg through.

 (4) The fertilized eggs travel. Yunluan after fertilization in the side of the fallopian tube, along the umbrella can swim to the opposite end of the fallopian tubes, due to the time extension has not yet reached the uterine cavity on implantation with the ability to form ectopic pregnancy.

 Ectopic pregnancy How’s that? In general, the formation of ectopic pregnancy with these factors can not avoid. For pregnant women, if suspected of ectopic pregnancy, should go to hospital for an examination in order to avoid misdiagnosis and life-threatening.

  What does the case of ectopic pregnancy? Corresponding to what are the symptoms of performance? Here is that we need to address the problem. The following describes you 11.

 1. May. When the history of menopause, early reaction, the side of the abdominal pain or abdominal cramps abdominal pain, it should be thought likely to suffer from an early ectopic pregnancy. You have to take the first morning urine to the gynecologist for treatment. Such as the urine pregnancy test was positive, and stopped by 42 days B-mode ultrasound uterine cavity did not see the pregnancy sac, while in the uterus to see the abnormal mass, then the ectopic pregnancy is likely.

 2. Confirmed. There menopause, early reaction, urine pregnancy test was positive, and stopped by 49 days B-ultrasonic examination: the uterine cavity did not see the original beat cardiovascular, anti-cardiovascular outside the womb to see the original Bo movement (early embryonic heartbeat), then can be diagnosed as an ectopic pregnancy. 1,2 points you want to memorize.

 3. Hemorrhage. Menopause, early response positive pregnancy test, abdominal pain with bowel movement a sense of a small amount of vaginal bleeding (or bleeding), you should think of yourself as ectopic pregnancy, has been bleeding. At this point, should seek medical attention immediately to the gynecologic emergency. Gynecological examination, your cervix are shaking cite pain and tenderness after the dome there, uterus does not increase, the uterus next to the palpable tenderness of the mass; doctor for you to make the posterior vaginal fornix puncture, non-condensing out of the dark red blood, the diagnosis of the basic set.

 4. Haemorrhage. The above-mentioned symptoms, simultaneous syncope, dizziness, palpitations, thirst; pairs of mirror self-examination, pale, pale nails, revealing a lot of intra-abdominal bleeding, loss of body blood volume of about 1 / 3. At this point you have rushed to the hospital emergency room, the general need to call an ambulance, rapid and sent to the emergency room. Medical examination, your pulse quickly, up to 100 ~ 160 times / min, blood pressure, abdominal bulge, a non-condensable culdocentesis blood. Reveals a lot of intra-abdominal bleeding, and continued out.

 Gynecological experts have warned that pregnant women should pay close attention to their own physical and psychological changes, early detection of ectopic pregnancy, and timely handling the various situations, in order to minimize the risk.

Under normal circumstances, a fertilized egg can migrate to the uterine cavity, in the intra-uterine implantation and development. However, due to some reason, a fertilized egg in the uterus during migration out the problems did not reach the uterus, but somewhere else to stay down the development of the phenomenon. This situation is called an ectopic pregnancy.

 So ectopic pregnancy and spontaneous abortion do occur? Experts pointed out: more than in the intra-abdominal pregnancy, ectopic pregnancy is generally not spontaneous abortion, ectopic pregnancy, so if there should actively cooperate with the doctor after the treatment. There are several treatment options, including: laparoscopic surgery, drug therapy, abdominal surgery, the patient may be the actual situation according to their own selection of suitable treatment. It depends on the fertility requirements, ectopic pregnancy size, location and the patient’s physical condition, for failure to save the patient’s life education in the context of reservations to maximize fertility.

 Gynecology Experts advise: Do not expect to be an ectopic pregnancy and spontaneous abortion, but should prompt treatment, if not promptly treated, there may be bleeding, and even life-threatening. So, if the emergence of ectopic pregnancy-related symptoms should be actively to the hospital after the associated check the active treatment after diagnosis is to safeguard the health of the necessary guarantees.

For all pregnant women, pregnancy does not occur only in the uterine cavity, may also occur in the uterine cavity, as occurs in any place outside the uterine cavity when called ectopic pregnancy or ectopic pregnancy. What do these parts? The main and most common, or fallopian tubes. This non-normal pregnancy and the fetus will bring to the party great harm. Obstetrics and Gynecology doctors, the incidence of ectopic pregnancy have a lot of incentives, elimination of these incentives is the key to prevention.

 1, gynecological inflammation and induced abortion. Such as vaginitis, cervicitis may be infected fallopian tube, causing inflammation of fallopian tubes. Flow after the body’s own defense mechanisms are affected, tubal vulnerable to bacterial infection, resulting in tubal inflammation surrounding tissue.

 2, perforated appendicitis, reproductive tract infections are also risk factors for ectopic pregnancy occurs.

 3, use of contraceptives. Birth control pills may affect estrogen and progesterone levels, in turn affect the fallopian tube wall peristalsis, ciliary activity and epithelial cell secretion. If the hormone imbalance, it will affect the delivery of fertilized eggs and the occurrence of tubal pregnancy.

 4, a large number of smoking, drinking. Studies have shown that nicotine and alcohol can affect the tubal cilia swing, induced ectopic pregnancy. Timely treatment of gynecological inflammation, abnormal situation must be addressed immediately for treatment, strive for early diagnosis, early treatment to avoid the risk of.

  Is well known that about 90% of ectopic pregnancies occur in fallopian tubes, this is also called tubal pregnancy. But how to deal with this ectopic pregnancy situation? For those who want to retain the fertility of women in industry says that, with conservative to terminate the ectopic pregnancy is obviously not feasible. However, with the development of science and medical technology level of the reminder, interventional radiology intubation has been widely used, its biggest advantage that it can to maximize their intact ipsilateral tubal patency, and thus preserving their fertility.

 Transvaginal cervical approach selection for surgical tubal catheterization in this operation, interventional radiologist, was a relatively simple operation, therefore, the danger involved in the treatment is relatively small, the treatment process is relatively easy, can take advantage of the advantages of interventional radiology, and other conservative treatment methods do not need special equipment compared. Meanwhile, the local treatment medication accurately, the amount of small, almost non-toxic side effects, so that patients suffer less pain, no trauma, and acceptable, there were still opportunities for the treatment ineffective surgery. Scope of application of interventional treatment are: unruptured tubal pregnancy; rupture or abortion-type cases, with no apparent anemia and shock, estimated hemorrhage <300ml; tubal pregnancy with severe medical disorders, risk big to laparotomy; blood, urine β-HCG5000mIu/ml, lower than normal level of intra-uterine pregnancy, suggesting that ectopic pregnancy; B super-prompt Gongpang or accessories mixed mass diameter <5.0cm, pelvic fluid nature of the dark zone <3cm, and except for intra-uterine pregnancy; iodine allergy negative; without serious heart, liver, kidney disease or blood clotting disorder patients.

 Experts suggest that interventional treatment of tubal pregnancy must pay attention to the scope of application, do not blindly.